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The historical formation of the worldwide Muslim community orÌýUmma, as it is known in Arabic, has resulted in a great deal of diversity that reflects a rich intellectual, spiritual, and institutional pluralism.

In seeking to express a response to the primal message of Islam, Muslims have developed distinct perspectives that have led various groups to coalesce around different interpretations of the core message of theÌýQur’anÌýand the example of the Prophet Muhammad. One such perspective is that ofÌýShi‘aÌýIslam.

Rather than per­ceive these expressions as sectarian in a narrow sense, it is more appropriate to recognise them as representing different communities of interpretation with diverse views of how the ideals of Islam might be realised in the life of the Umma.Unfortunately, much early scholarship onÌýShi‘ismÌýhas represented this perspective as a dissident voice or heterodoxy, and in some cases has even characterised it as a ‘Persian’ response to ‘Arab’ Islam. Recent scholarship has created a more balanced view of Shi‘ism.

Thus, it is now pos­sible to move beyond stereotypical assumptions and reject the viewthat there is an ‘orthodox’ or ‘authentic’ Islam, from which Shi‘ism is a departure.

Dr Farhad Daftary

Co-Director and Head of the Department of Academic Research and Publications

An authority in Shi'i studies, with special reference to its Ismaili tradition, Dr. Daftary has published and lectured widely in these fields of Islamic studies. In 2011 a Festschrift entitledÌýFortresses of the IntellectÌýwas produced to honour Dr. Daftary by a number of his colleagues and peers.

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Professor Azim Nanji

Azim Nanji is currently Special Advisor to the Provost of the , and a member of the Board of Directors of the in Ottawa, a joint partnership between His Highness the Aga Khan and the Government of Canada. He has held many prestigious academic and administrative appointments, most recently as Senior Associate Director of the Abbasi Program in °ÄÃÅÁùºÏ¿ª½±¼Ç¼ at , where he was also lecturer in the Department of Religious Studies. From 1998 to 2008, Professor Nanji served as Director of the Institute of Ismaili Studies in London.

Professor Nanji has published numerous books and articles on religion, Islam and Ismailism, including: The Nizari °ÄÃÅÁùºÏ¿ª½±¼Ç¼ Tradition (1976), The Muslim Almanac (1996), Mapping °ÄÃÅÁùºÏ¿ª½±¼Ç¼ (1997) and The Historical Atlas of Islam (with M. Ruthven) (2004) and The Dictionary of Islam (with Razia Nanji), Penguin 2008. In addition, he has contributed numerous shorter studies and articles in journals and collective volumes including The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Modern Islamic World, and A Companion to Ethics. He was the Associate Editor for the revised Second Edition of The Encyclopaedia of Religion.

Within the , he has served as a member of the task force for the (AKU-ISMC) and Vice Chair of the Madrasa-based Early Childhood Education Programme in East Africa. He served as a member of the Steering Committee of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 1998, 2001 and 2016.​​